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12.2. Angles of installation of wheels of the car, clearance

General information

The angles of installation of wheels considerably influence stability of the car, wear of tires and fuel consumption. Values of corners are given in Specifications.

Disorder is an inclination of a wheel in the vertical plane of rather average line of the car. It can be positive if wheels are inclined outside or negative if wheels are inclined inside. The disorder corner, generally influences uniformity of wear of tires of forward wheels. If disorder of one wheel positive, and another negative, then takes away the car aside at the movement on a straight line.

Convergence - side distance between wheels. The positive convergence means that wheels are in front located more closely to each other, than behind at measurement at height of an average point of a wheel. The negative convergence means that wheels in front are at bigger distance from each other, than behind.

The cross inclination of an axis of turn of a wheel is a corner between the axis of an inclination of a rotary fist and a vertical which is carried out through a point of fastening of a wheel, looking in the longitudinal direction of the car.

At the expense of corners of disorder and a cross inclination of an axis of turn of a point of a contact of wheels with the road settle down closer to an axis of a rotary fist. It supports a so-called "shoulder of a running in", driving is easier for those. Also blows from roughness of a covering are less transferred to steering.

Longitudinal inclination of an axis of turn of a wheel. The axis concerning which there is a turn of a wheel is placed in space so that its lower part is directed forward. Such corner of a longitudinal inclination is called positive. At positive value of a corner self-return of a wheel to average situation after turn improves.

Conditions of check of angles of installation of wheels

Check of angles of installation of the car demands existence of a viewing hole or the special measuring elevator. When carrying out measurement it is necessary to satisfy the following conditions:
  • Air pressure in tires corresponds to set;
  • Forward wheels are put directly;
  • The car is not loaded, the fuel tank is completely filled;
  • Car suspension brackets strongly prozhata;
  • Steering is adjusted;
  • Gaps in interface of steering drafts lie within admissible;
  • Gaps in interface of a suspension bracket lie within admissible;
  • Depth of the drawing of a protector of tires of one axis is identical.

    • Adjustment of forward wheels

    Disorder and longitudinal inclination of an axis of turn of a wheel

    Adjustment of disorder and longitudinal inclination of an axis of turn of forward wheels - is made by means of an eccentric bolt

    Adjustment of disorder is carried out by a forward cam bolt (19), and the longitudinal tilt angle of an axis of turn of a wheel is regulated by a back eccentric bolt (20) on the lower lever. By means of the same bolt adjustment of a corner of a longitudinal inclination of an axis of turn of a wheel is carried out.

    Convergence

    Check and adjustment of a convergence of forward wheels


     PERFORMANCE ORDER

    1. Establish wheels in situation for the rectilinear movement by means of the device (055).
    2. Check the central position of the steering mechanism and a steering wheel (arrow).
    3. Establish a ruler (030) between internal surfaces of forward wheels. Check a convergence of forward wheels.
    4. Adjustment of a convergence is carried out by rotation of steering drafts (10). The nominal size of a convergence of forward wheels makes 0 °35' ± 10' (see Specifications).

    Adjustment of back wheels

    Disorder

    The size of disorder of back wheels depends on height of a road gleam (clearance). Adjusting parameters are specified in Specifications) to the present Chapter.

    Convergence

    Adjustment of a convergence of back wheels

     

    The convergence of back wheels is regulated by eccentric bolts (60a) on the left and right drafts (60) on a support of a back suspension bracket (50).

    Check of clearance of a body of the car

    Check of clearance of a body of the car

     

    The clearance of a forward suspension bracket of the car is checked by means of the measuring device (01) between eccentric bolts of fastening of the lower lever.

    The clearance of a back suspension bracket of the car is checked by means of the device (02) attached on a power shaft of a back axis.